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The continuous rising of digital learning platforms have unarguably brought about a surge in the amount of data obtained from different learning environments, which presents a great opportunity for computer science teachers to gain an understanding of students’ coding processes. This is vital for enhancing student support as teachers can gain insights into students’ thought process, strategies and identify areas where students might be struggling while tacking programming tasks. Traditional assessment methods such as feedback after homework submissions or completed lab assignments often results in late and untimely intervention that would prevent early dropouts and massive failures as the students’ learning journey is neglected in the process. We leverage students’ keystroke data obtained from Python and Java-based introductory programming courses delivered through CODIO learning platform, to design an interactive code visualization and error detection platform using Streamlit. The application features an interface that reproduces students’ code snippets with JavaScript enabled syntax highlighting. It includes a combination of dropdown menu and an adjustable slider which enables an instructor to navigate through the timestamps and have a detailed view of students’ coding processes. The application also includes a navigation to an environment that enables instructors to run the generated code snippets for error detection, giving the instructors clear idea of the difficult part(s) of the course for intervention purposes. The intervention ultimately fosters a more supportive learning environment and helps boost students’ confidence. 

In the United States, 1 in 5 people, approximately 66.3 million individuals, live in a rural area. To address the growing need for computing professionals and the need for a computationally literate populace, we need to engage rural learners effectively. A first step in this direction is understanding the learning context for students engaging in computer science, and how that differs for a rural population. In this paper, we draw upon the National Survey of Science and Mathematics Education, the High School Longitudinal Study of 2009, and the 2021 American Community Survey, to underscore a lack of access to computer science learning contexts for students in these communities. We also explore how rural out-migration is compounding this challenge, and explore the roots of the rural out-migration trend. We then examine how multiple strains of research and scholarship identify rurality as either a place-based identification (i.e., where a student is from) or a distinct social identity. While convenient, geographic-based definitions lack important nuance in understanding rural populations and tend to emphasize heterogeneity in rural populations, especially regarding economic factors (i.e., what the communities produce). In contrast, identity-based definitions often emphasize commonalities across rural populations including a set of shared values, a sense of belonging to a rural community, emphasis on social bonds, and a distrust of solutions offered by government, academia, and technology which are often seen as misguided and antithetical to those shared values. In certain kinds of decision-making, this rural identity has even been shown to overshadow intersectional racial and ethnic identities. This is an important consideration as 22\% of the US rural population is composed of racial and ethnic minorities. Finally, we discuss strategies to engage with rural populations authentically and meaningfully. We offer as an illustrative example our Cyber Pipeline program, an outreach effort including a Creative Commons licensed, customizable, modular curriculum; extensive teacher preparation program; and ongoing support for K-12 teachers working to bring computer science into rural schools. We also describe reasons why these rural-dwelling teachers seek to provide computer science education for their students. We highlight the specific challenges of this program, as well as our identified promising practices, in the hopes of fostering similar programs across the United States. 

The lack of computer science education in rural areas presents unique challenges in the present pursuit of achieving equitable access to computer science education. The increase in the recognition of the need for computer science education comes with a need for inclusion of rural areas, and a corresponding increase in the demand of competent computer science teachers and educators. Teacher training programs play an important role in meeting these demands. This paper evaluates the impact of a teacher training program with focus on professional identity, commitment, confidence and competence as it relates to the teaching of computer science. The research includes teachers from rural, suburban and town locales enrolled in three separate semester courses. Through a mixed-method design, it uses quantitative data obtained through surveys taken prior to and at the completion of the training program to measure the impact. A combination of p-values and effect sizes were used to measure the impact of the teacher training programs. The survey covers three different domains - Teacher and Computing Identity, Rural Identity and Teacher Mindset, and lastly, Teaching Perceptions and Computational Thinking. Qualitative data gathered through reflective journals provides insights into teachers’ backgrounds and teaching experiences as well as anticipated professional growth. Following the training, findings show that rural teachers reported positive shifts in their identities and teaching competencies and are more likely to advocate for more students to take computer science courses. Teachers from the rural locales also showed a marked improvement in confidence and commitment to teaching computer science. 

Rural populations represent an important and often overlooked audience for broadening participation in computing efforts. More than 20% of all students in the United States live in a rural region, and surveys of access to computing education consistently show these students have less opportunity to and engagement in learning computer science than both suburban and urban peers. Recent scholarship has suggested that rural populations subscribe to a cohesive group identity that (at least in some cases) can subsume ethnic and racial identities, especially important when we consider 22% of the rural population is composed of individuals with these intersectional identities. In this paper we describe example lessons under development for use in our Cyber Pipeline project, an outreach program that provides Kansas schools with a modular computing curriculum and in-service teachers with professional development training to utilize it. These lessons are being developed using culturally relevant pedagogy and a community learning approach to ground the lessons in the everyday experiences, cultural identities, and concerns of these rural students. We are co-developing these lessons with both K-12 teachers in the Cyber Pipeline and disciplinary experts across our campus. We present our our approach in the hopes that it will be of benefit to other educators seeking to reach rural populations.